Since the 1990s, the mechanical design of wheelchairs has basically been finalized, and has made great progress in terms of technological content, becoming a fully customizable small means of transportation. For example, the wheelchair of the famous physicist Stephen Hawking has a built-in computer so that Hawking can control the wheelchair independently.
The origin of electric wheelchairs can be traced back to the early 20th century. The earliest electric wheelchair was invented by Canadian engineer George Klein, who designed an electric wheelchair to help soldiers who lost the ability to walk due to injuries during World War II. Klein gave the wheelchair a more comprehensive function, and its core design is still the basis for the design of electric wheelchairs. Although this electric wheelchair is relatively bulky, it provides a way for disabled people to move independently, greatly improving their quality of life.
With the advancement of technology, the design and technology of electric wheelchairs are also constantly improving. In the 1960s, electric wheelchairs began to use rechargeable batteries, making them longer in use and more convenient to charge. In the 1970s, the materials and structures of electric wheelchairs began to be improved, making the wheelchairs lighter and more stable. In the 1980s, with the development of computer technology, electric wheelchairs began to introduce intelligent control systems, making the wheelchair more precise and providing a better user experience. In addition, the battery technology of electric wheelchairs has also achieved revolutionary breakthroughs. Traditional lead-acid batteries are gradually replaced, and new lithium battery and fuel cell technologies are applied to electric wheelchairs, which greatly improves the endurance and service life of wheelchairs. These technological innovations not only make electric wheelchairs more environmentally friendly, but also provide users with longer use time.
The types of electric wheelchairs are also gradually becoming more and more abundant. According to different functions and usage scenarios, electric wheelchairs can be divided into indoor electric wheelchairs, outdoor electric wheelchairs, folding electric wheelchairs and other types. Indoor electric wheelchairs are usually small and suitable for use in indoor environments, such as homes and hospitals. Outdoor electric wheelchairs are more powerful and have better passability, suitable for use in complex outdoor road conditions. Folding electric wheelchairs are portable and can be easily carried and stored. Modern electric wheelchairs use more lightweight aluminum alloy frames, intelligent control systems and high-performance batteries. The application of these technologies makes electric wheelchairs more intelligent, convenient and comfortable.